A heroic piece of research ... Devastating in every sense of the word -- Praise for 'Mao's Great Famine' * Economist * Ground-breaking ... Unsparing in its detail, relentless in its research, unforgiving in its judgements ... Dikoetter's achievement in this book is remarkable -- Praise for 'The Tragedy of Liberation' * Sunday Times * Definitive and harrowing -- praise for 'The Cultural Revolution', Book of the Week * Daily Mail * Dikoetter never allows his intense account to degenerate into melodrama ... Fascinating -- praise for 'The Cultural Revolution' * Daily Telegraph * Magnificent ... The author gives full acknowledgement to memoirs and scholarly works but it is his own archival research, allied to a piercing critique, that lifts the book to a higher level. He has mastered the details so well that with the most sparing use of description he weaves a vivid tapestry of China at the time ...Brilliant -- praise for 'The Cultural Revolution' * Sunday Times * Mussolini, Hitler, Stalin, Mao Zedong, Kim Il-sung, Ceausescu, Mengistu of Ethiopia and Duvalier of Haiti. No dictator can rule through fear and violence alone. Naked power can be grabbed and held temporarily, but it never suffices in the long term. A tyrant who can compel his own people to acclaim him will last longer. The paradox of the modern dictator is that he must create the illusion of popular support. Throughout the twentieth century, hundreds of millions of people were condemned to enthusiasm, obliged to hail their leaders even as they were herded down the road to serfdom. In How to Be a Dictator, Frank Dikoetter returns to eight of the most chillingly effective personality cults of the twentieth century. From carefully choreographed parades to the deliberate cultivation of a shroud of mystery through iron censorship, these dictators ceaselessly worked on their own image and encouraged the population at large to glorify them. At a time when democracy is in retreat, are we seeing a revival of the same techniques among some of today's world leaders? This timely study, told with great narrative verve, examines how a cult takes hold, grows, and sustains itself. It places the cult of personality where it belongs, at the very heart of tyranny.