"Historical research and writing on the native peoples of Mesoamerica have been transformed over the past two decades by the increasing use - sometimes including discovery - of native language documents, prepared by native communities and individuals. This has been an especially rich resource for writing the colonial history of Nahua, Maya, and Mixtec peoples. The Nahua peoples in colonial Mesoamerica continued to write and paint their histories and lives, often without any mention of the foreigners in their midst. Their accounts took the form of annals, chronicles, religious treatises, tribute accounts, theatre pieces, and wills. Thousand of documents were produced, almost all of which served to preserve Nahua ways of doing things. In this path-breaking volume, Susan Schroeder and her colleagues 'unpick' this native cultural treasury and historiography, and thereby reveal the indigenous perspective on the Spaniards' invasion of America through what they themselves recorded." From the Preface by First Nations Series Editor, David Cahill The Spaniards typically portrayed the conquest and fall of Mexico Tenochtitlan as Armageddon, while native peoples in colonial Mesoamerica continued to write and paint their histories and lives often without any mention of the foreigners in their midst. Their accounts took the form of annals, chronicles, religious treatises, tribute accounts, theatre pieces, and wills. Thousand of documents were produced, almost all of which served to preserve indigenous ways of doing things. But what provoked record keeping on such a grand scale? At what point did precontact sacred writing become utilitarian and quotidian? Were their texts documentaries, a form of boosterism, even ingenious intellectualism, or were they ultimately a literature of ruin? This volume seeks to address key aspects of indigenous perspectives of the conquest and Spanish colonialism by examining what they themselves recorded and why they did so.