Bilingual education represents a growth area as European integration develops. This collection reflects well-established, non-experimental forms of bilingual education in Europe. All models, except that of the 'European Schools', are publicly funded, non-elitist, with specific characteristics depending on population and location, covering minority and majority languages, bi-, tri- and multilingual outcomes, stable and fluctuating populations, all of which represent alternatives to classical immersion programmes. The models presented cover Welsh-English in the United Kingdom, Catalan and Basque variants of immersion in Spain, Danish and German minority provision on either side of the border between Denmark and Germany, heritage language maintenance for immigrant children in the bilingual capital of Belgium, trilingual education for the entire Luxembourg school population, and the complex multilingual provision developed in 'European Schools'. Particular emphasis is placed on practical issues, including an administrator's perspective in the development of the German-French bilingual model and a teacher's perspective on handling content-matter in the weaker target language.